Just like over-clubbing you should know how far each club carries on average. Use practice rounds or launch monitor data to build a realistic carry chart you can reference during play.
Wind and elevation changes have a big impact on how far your ball will travel. A shot into an uphill lie or a strong headwind may require you to take one more club to reach your target: over-club, instead of under-club
If the ball sits in a difficult lie (such as heavy grass) you may need a club with more loft - underclubbing - to make sure your clubface can get under the ball. You may come up short of the distance, but your goal is to recover from the bad lie.
Many golfers under-club because they do not believe lofted clubs can travel as far as they really do. Trusting your swing technique and allowing natural trajectory to develop can help you hit shots that carry further than you expect.
Measure your distances at the range or simulator
They happen when your spine, hips and shoulders move in perfect harmony.
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